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SPEND Initiative

Trace the Data Driving Federal Formula Grants

Federal education grants depend on an underlying framework of demographic, geographic, and economic statistics to distribute funding to states. This interactive pathway reveals those direct connections. Trace how Title I relies on SAIPE poverty estimates, how IDEA allocations are linked to population estimates (PEP), and how Perkins V is shaped by BEA per-capita income data. By mapping how administrative data flows into federal formulas, the Atlas highlights the real-world significance of these collections.

Federal formula grants and their data dependencies

Federal grant

Title II, Part A

About

Title II, Part A funds activities to improve the quality and effectiveness of teachers, principals, and other school leaders. Allowable uses include professional development, class-size reduction, recruitment and retention programs, teacher residency programs, and induction/mentoring for new educators.

Grant calculation

State funding is a share of total program funding such that each state receives 20% of the proportionate share for total population aged 5-17 as determined by Census Population Estimates and Projections and 80% of proportionate share for total population aged 5-17 living in poverty as determined by Census SAIPE. States then use the same weighting system to distribute funds to LEAs.

Dataset dependencies

Statutory citation

20 U.S.C. § 6611

Documentation

Elsewhere in the Data Atlas

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  • Find Datasets by the Questions They Answer

    We built the Data Atlas by starting with the questions that matter. Select a question to discover what each federal dataset can tell you and how it connects to real-world policy issues.

  • Trace the Data Driving Federal Formula Grants

    Federal education grants depend on an underlying framework of demographic, geographic, and economic statistics to distribute funding to states. This interactive pathway reveals those connections, showing how administrative data flow into federal funding formulas and highlighting the real-world significance of these collections.

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