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SPEND Initiative

Trace the Data Driving Federal Formula Grants

Federal education grants depend on an underlying framework of demographic, geographic, and economic statistics to distribute funding to states. This interactive pathway reveals those direct connections. Trace how Title I relies on SAIPE poverty estimates, how IDEA allocations are linked to population estimates (PEP), and how Perkins V is shaped by BEA per-capita income data. By mapping how administrative data flows into federal formulas, the Atlas highlights the real-world significance of these collections.

Federal formula grants and their data dependencies

Federal grant

Carl D. Perkins

About

Perkins V provides funds to states to develop the skills of students who enroll in career and technical education (CTE). Funds are allocated on a matching basis, meaning states put an equal amount toward CTE.

Grant calculation

States receive grants up to their matching amount based on (1) the size of their population ages 15-65 and (2) their average per-capita income over the past 3 years, while setting maximum and minimum state grant amounts based on various criteria. ACS provides estimated counts of population ages 15-65 in a school's region. The BEA (Bureau of Economic Analysis) provides average per-capita income in a school's region.

Dataset dependencies

Statutory citation

20 U.S.C. § 2301

Documentation

Elsewhere in the Data Atlas

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    We built the Data Atlas by starting with the questions that matter. Select a question to discover what each federal dataset can tell you and how it connects to real-world policy issues.

  • Trace the Data Driving Federal Formula Grants

    Federal education grants depend on an underlying framework of demographic, geographic, and economic statistics to distribute funding to states. This interactive pathway reveals those connections, showing how administrative data flow into federal funding formulas and highlighting the real-world significance of these collections.

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